Difficult question, there are many types of Meso and Thermo cultures used for various effects on various cheese types. You can use Buttermilk for a Meso and Yogurt for a Thermo culture. My first year, that is all that I used. Mostly buttermilk. Just learning then. Still am, but now trying some of the direct set package cultures. If you visit Leener’s.com you can read what culture is used for what cheese. Also visit Fias Farms, fiascofarm.com for lots of great information. Hope this helps you.